International Regulatory Environment on Audit and Assurance Services

Again, this isn’t examinable. LO A1a) is “Explain the need for laws, regulations, standards, and other guidance relating to audit, assurance and related services.”

The need for regulation (which you’ll find in more detail in the text in ACCA’s Study Hub that in our notes, because it’s peripheral the the syllabus/exam) is not the same as its impact – e.g. audit firms or the services they offer.