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FA Chapter 18 Questions Mark-up and Margins

 

59 Comments

  1. Hileni
    Question 5

    Good day sir, can you please help to explain why we need to subtract the Purchases 8600. I thought purchase add to inventory, while sales reduce inventory but on your calculations is vise versa. Thank you sir
  2. John MoffatTutor
    It is because we are having to work backwards. We are given the inventory on 4 June but we need to calculate what the inventory would have been on 31 May.
  3. Henry
    can you please explain how the answer is 123000 questiion 2
  4. John MoffatTutor
    Given that the mark up is 42% (of cost), then the cost of sales must be 100/142 x 193,200 = 136,056.

    The inventory fell by 13,200 over the year, and so only the remainder of the cost of sales needed to be purchased, and 136,056 - 13,200 = 122,856 (which to the nearest 1,000 is 123,000).

    (If you click on 'review quiz' after submitting your answers then you will see the explanations for the correct answers)
  5. jahedul
    i think it should be cogs + closing inventory to get purchase rather than subtract
  6. John MoffatTutor
    The question does not give us the closing inventory, only the decrease over the year. My previous answer is correct.
  7. Duong
    I don't understand why at the question number 5, the goods returned need to be added, as I think on 31 May we did sell that 700 already, and in next days we receive back 700 so we have to minus 700 on 31 May? Thank you Sir
  8. John MoffatTutor
    We returned the goods to the supplier. So on 31 May we had more than on 4 June because on 31 May we had not sent them back to the supplier.
  9. Pearl
    Can you kindly break down question 4, how do you arrive at the the 27.8 % answer. its quite unclear.
  10. John MoffatTutor
    The revenue is understated and so the correct revenue is 10,000 higher. Higher revenue also means that the profit will be 10,000 higher.

    The closing inventory was overstated and lower closing inventory means that the profit will be lower by 5,000 (but this does not affect the revenue).

    Therefore the correct revenue is 90,000 and the correct profit is 25,000.
  11. Muhammed Saleem
    sir, what is the meaning of inventory decreased?
  12. John MoffatTutor
    It means that the closing inventory is lower than the opening inventory.
  13. Haroon
    Absolutely blundered the whole chapter, back to the lectures I go! :D
  14. MOHAMED ABDI HUSSEIN
    question 4 I really confused how you get 27.8% ?
    please tell me how I can solve that question?
  15. MOHAMED ABDI HUSSEIN
    THANS SIR,

    I understood my mistake
  16. John MoffatTutor
    I am please that you have found your mistake :-)
  17. Asif
    Ok ! I spotted my mistake sir,
    Cl.Inv = 836200

    Therefore:
    COS = Op.Inv + Pu - Return - Cl.Inv
    9800 = X + 8600 - 700 - 836200
    9800 - 8600 + 700 + 836200 = X
    838,100 = X
  18. Asif
    And thankyou for the valuable questions. Quite a beneficial return for us !
  19. Asif
    X = 834,300
  20. thuy
    From my experience, It would take a little bit to step back from the discirmination of margin and markup, that can be analyzed as below:
    - % markup = % profit = (sale - cost)/cost. So Cost = Sale/(1+%markup).
    - % margin = % profit = (sale - cost)/cost. So Cost = Sale x % profilt.
    These 2 functions helped me to understand more clearly the cases of using margin or markup.
  21. thuy
    Sorry, in the %margin, I mean Cost = Sale x (1-%margin)
  22. John MoffatTutor
    Have you watched the free lectures on mark-ups and margins?
  23. Safa
    hi, for Q)5, what i dont get is the addition of cost of goods sold (9800). Since its a cost incurred during 31-4, shouldnt we be subtracting it?
  24. Habbert
    Question 4 was a bit tricky, but I think it got it.
  25. John MoffatTutor
    I hope so :-)
  26. diamondfar
    For quest... 5,can you please explain what is meant by"31 may 08 was based on an inventory count on 4 June 08"

    2-Then in correction it said that inventory from 5 June. Can you please more simple explanation for question 5
  27. John MoffatTutor
    They need to know what the inventory was on 31 May. However (as often happens in real life) they didn't actually count it until 4 June.
    By 4 June the inventory changed because they bought and sold goods between 31 May and 4 June. So we need to work backwards to calculate what the inventory must have been on 31 May.

    (5 June in the pop-up answer should read 4 June)
  28. Oluwaseun
    For question 5, the answer is wrong. If goods are returned to suppliers, the inventory is supposed to reduce by the corresponding goods returned (700). The inventory is supposed to increase with purshases (8600) and reduce by sales (9800). Working it backwards or forward shouldn’t affect anything as the account is still closing at 31 May.
  29. John MoffatTutor
    The answer is not wrong at all !! It is you that is wrong.

    The returns, purchases and sales all took place between 31 May and 4 June.
    If goods were returned after 31 May, then the inventory at 4 June will be lower than it was at 31 May - therefore the inventory at 31 May (which is what we want) will have been higher than it was on 4 June (which is when the inventory was counted).
    The same logic applies to the purchases and sales.

    This is a common question in the exam.
  30. Oluwaseun
    Oh my bad. I just got the whole scenario now. My mind was doing calculation based on 4 April
  31. John MoffatTutor
    No problem :-)
  32. nanmetdabels
    For question 1 I don't really understand how the cost of actual sales is 75%
  33. John MoffatTutor
    The question says that the gross profit % is 25%. So if the profit is 25% of sales, then the cost of sales must be 75% of sales.
  34. Tauqeer
    concerning question 4
    gross profit / sales ..this formula has been used to calculate percentage ....why gross profit/ Cost of sale is used?
    because in question markup or margin is not mentioned??
  35. John MoffatTutor
    Gross profit % is automatically gross profit as a % of sales.
  36. Petronella
    Hello sir

    Question 2 .I do not understand why we subtract inventory to get to purchases figure .l thought since we are working backwards we would add inventory to get purchases of 149000 .please clarify
  37. John MoffatTutor
    The cost of sales = opening inventory plus purchases less closing inventory = opening inventory less closing inventory plus purchases
    Since closing inventory is lower that opening inventory, cost of sales = fall in inventory plus purchases.

    Therefore purchases = cost of sales less the fall in inventory.
  38. prehi
    Please i still don't understand what it meant by ''inventory decreased by 13200 dollars'' for it to be deducted from purchases instead of adding. If there is another way to explain further I would be glad. Thanks.
  39. John MoffatTutor
    If inventory falls then it means some of the inventory has been sold.

    Suppose they sell 1,000 units and inventory has fallen by 100 units. It must mean that 100 of the 1000 units were taken from the inventory and so didn't need to have been purchased. It is just the other 900 units that they needed to buy.
  40. fabrice09
    Hello, for question number 2, what is meant by inventory decreased by 13200 dollars ? Does it mean that the value of closing inventory is less than the opening one by 13200 ?
  41. John MoffatTutor
    Yes - that is what it means :-)
  42. elikyz
    hi,

    in the question of 5, why we substract 8600, instead of addin?

    Thanks beforehand
  43. John MoffatTutor
    Because we are working back from 4 June to 31 May.
    Purchases in June will have increased the inventory on 4 June, so we need to subtract them to find out what the inventory was on 31 May.
  44. tamunia111
    i couldnt understand why do we add returned goods in question 5.. I think the actual sold goods was (9800-700)
  45. John MoffatTutor
    The question says that the goods are returned to the supplier (not returned by customers).
  46. harry
    Hi,

    I have a query about question 4.

    Why does profit increase by 10k in proportion to revenue? Surely if revenue increases by 10k, then profit on that revenue would only be a fraction of it?
  47. John MoffatTutor
    Why? The revenue was stated wrongly so we correct it by increasing it. Increasing it by 10,000 to get the correct revenue figure does not change the cost of goods sold and therefore increases the profit by 10,000.
  48. Herby
    Hi I have a query about question 4, it is the same question as Harry, "Why does profit increase by 10k in proportion to revenue? Surely if revenue increases by 10k, then profit on that revenue would only be a fraction of it?"

    I do not quite understand your response, what you are saying is because the cost of goods sold does not change the profit must also increase by 10,000.

    The profit is a mark up on the cost of goods, which means the profit will be a fraction of the cost of goods sold, why increase profit by the full 10,000
  49. John MoffatTutor
    Stating that revenue is understated simply means that they have recorded the figure as 10,000 lower than it should have been.

    It does not mean that they have sold more goods - simply that the figure is wrong. Maybe they added up the account wrongly, or maybe they simply copied the figure wrongly!

    The wording may seem confusing, but this is the wording from an actual past exam question.
  50. Honey
    How to calculate cost of purchase in questions given revenue
    and inventory decrease?
  51. John MoffatTutor
    You use the mark-up or margin % (whichever is given) to calculate the cost of goods sold.
    If inventory is decreasing then purchases will be the cost of goods sold less the decrease in inventory.
  52. Isaac Chiyaze
    What is the difference between profit and mark-up?..... is there any at all.....
  53. John MoffatTutor
    I assume that you are referring to mark-ups and profit margins.
    They are two different things and are dealt with in my free lecture on mark-ups and margins.
    (Our lectures are a complete free course for Paper F3 and cover everything needed to be able to pass the exam well. You should not really be attempting these tests without having watched the lectures :-) )
  54. Sukhdeb
    In question 4 , Revenue have been understated by 10000, therefore why ( 80000+10000 = 90000 ) ....why not 70,000 ?
  55. John MoffatTutor
    Understated means that it is currently stated smaller than it should be.
    So the correct figure for revenue should be higher.
  56. meeena
    the answer is not matching with question. can you please explain it to me in detail here?
    the correct answer is 123,000 but in solution the answer became 122,856. it is really confusing me.
  57. John MoffatTutor
    The answer does match with the question!!!

    The question asks for the answer "to the nearest $1,000" (which is common in the real exam).
    122,856 to the nearest thousand is 123,000.

    (In future please give the number of whichever question you are referring to)
  58. meeena
    thank you sir.
    I again commented a question mark bcz if I don't comment I cant see my previous question.
  59. John MoffatTutor
    You are welcome :-)

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