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How to know it in exam!!

AAhmad6y ago
Sir please kindly thoroughly explain the difference between the de-facto and shadow directors.How can we differentiate between these two types of directors? What are those distinctive/unique/decisive factors that we need to watch out for in exam when we are looking to differentiate between these two types of directors?
MikeLittleMikeLittleTutor6y ago#1
A de facto director is 'anybody occupying the position of director by whatever name called' whereas a shadow director is 'a person in accordance with whose instructions the directors are accustomed to act' So a de facto director is a person within the company, maybe with the title of, say, procurement secretary, but that person's actions are in the nature of those taken by properly appointed and titled 'director' A shadow director is not necessarily a person from within the company, say a brother of a substantial shareholder, but the properly appointed directors follow the instructions of that person OK?
AAhmad6y ago#2
OK Sir thank you........got it !
MikeLittleMikeLittleTutor6y ago#3
NotI replied in 1 hour 26 minutes and you responded within 29 days! You're welcome, as always - we're here to help OK!
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