Standard cost
A standard cost is a predetermined cost for a defined unit of output or activity under stated conditions. It combines standard resource quantities and rates, allowing plans and actual results to be compared on a consistent basis. Standards may be ideal, attainable, current or basic, depending on their purpose. Specify whether unit cost is absorption or marginal. A standard is not automatically a forecast of actual cost, nor is an outdated standard a reliable performance benchmark.
Worked example
A unit should use 2 kg at $4 and 0.5 labour hours at $20. Standard direct cost is $8 + $10 = $18 before other cost elements.
Common mistake
Do not mix actual resource quantities with standard rates and call the result the original standard unit cost.
Where it appears in your exams
| Qualification | Exam | Relationship | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACCA | MA | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
| ACCA | PM | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
| FIA | FMA | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
