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Short-term cash investment

Treasury evaluates security, liquidity, maturity, currency and return when investing surplus cash. A forecast surplus may be temporary or uncertain, so avoid locking funds away beyond the expected need without acceptable access. Counterparty limits reduce concentration risk. Deposits, government instruments and other money-market products have different risks and terms; a short maturity does not make every product risk-free. The highest yield can reflect greater credit, liquidity or complexity risk. Coordinate investment with borrowing so the business does not needlessly borrow at high rates while holding inaccessible lower-yield assets.

Worked example

A company needs $300,000 in six weeks. It compares an accessible deposit with a higher-yield six-month product carrying a substantial early withdrawal penalty. The six-week liquidity requirement may outweigh the six-month product's higher quoted return.

Common mistake

Selecting an investment solely by headline yield while ignoring access restrictions, counterparty risk and the date cash is needed.

Where it appears in your exams

QualificationExamRelationshipPeriod
ACCA AFM Supporting September 2026–June 2027
ACCA FM Direct September 2026–June 2027