Sales to net working capital ratio
The ratio can highlight changes in the intensity of working-capital use, but it depends on the chosen balance and timing. A high value may indicate efficient use of funds or inadequate working capital and overtrading; it is not automatically favourable. Very small, negative or seasonal balances make interpretation difficult. Compare like periods and business models and examine the underlying inventory, receivables and payables movements. A year-end balance may not represent average funding throughout the year, so state the basis and use average information where available and appropriate.
Worked example
Annual sales are $2.4 million and net working capital is $300,000, giving 8 times. If sales rise to $3.6 million while working capital falls to $200,000, the ratio rises to 18 times; management must investigate whether this reflects efficiency or strained liquidity.
Common mistake
Interpreting every increase as improved performance without checking cash shortages, seasonality or a near-zero denominator.
Where it appears in your exams
| Qualification | Exam | Relationship | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACCA | AFM | Supporting | September 2026–June 2027 |
| ACCA | FM | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
