Planning variance
A planning variance isolates the effect of changing an original standard or budget assumption to a justified revised benchmark. It distinguishes conditions used in planning from subsequent operating performance. The comparator and quantity basis must follow the method required and reconcile with the operational component. Revisions should reflect genuine changed information or unrealistic original assumptions, not retrospectively remove controllable failures or make managers’ results look favourable.
Worked example
For 1,000 actual units of material, original standard price is $5 and a justified revised market standard $6. The planning price effect is $1,000 adverse on this common-quantity analysis.
Common mistake
Do not revise a standard simply to equal the actual result. Explain what changed, why revision is justified and how the total variance reconciles.
Where it appears in your exams
| Qualification | Exam | Relationship | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACCA | APM | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
| ACCA | PM | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
