International investment appraisal
International appraisal distinguishes cash generated by a foreign project from cash ultimately available to its investor. Forecast exchange rates, local and parent taxes, withholding, tax relief, transfer charges, blocked funds and transaction costs as relevant to the question. Avoid double-counting internal transfers in a group perspective while recognising genuine tax or timing consequences. Either currency approach must use cash flows and discount rates consistently. Exchange-rate forecasts and tax assumptions are uncertain and should be tested, rather than treating a single conversion path as guaranteed.
Worked example
A subsidiary can remit $500,000 in one year after local obligations, but a 10% illustrative withholding tax applies under the stated assumptions. The parent receives $450,000. At a forecast $1.25 per £1, that is £360,000 before any further parent tax effects, discounted at a consistent sterling rate.
Common mistake
Discounting foreign-currency cash flows at a home-currency rate without a consistent conversion framework, or ignoring remittance taxes and restrictions.
Where it appears in your exams
| Qualification | Exam | Relationship | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACCA | AFM | Direct | September 2026–June 2027 |
