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Cost gap

A cost gap is the excess of estimated or current cost over the target cost required to achieve the planned profit at a market-based price. It identifies the improvement needed, not a saving already achieved. Analyse materials, design, functions, process, supply and life-cycle effects to propose feasible reductions. Recheck customer value, quality and sustainability so the gap is not closed by shifting larger costs to another stage or stakeholder.

Worked example

Target cost is $72 and the design estimate is $78 per unit. The gap is $6 per unit, or about 7.69% of the current estimate.

Common mistake

Use the stated denominator for a percentage reduction. Dividing by target cost answers a different question from the reduction required from estimated cost.

Where it appears in your exams

QualificationExamRelationshipPeriod
ACCA PM Direct September 2026–June 2027