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Cost acquisition synergy

Cost synergy can arise from eliminating duplicated functions, purchasing more efficiently or sharing facilities. Estimate the avoidable cash savings, timing and tax effects, and deduct implementation, redundancy, technology and other integration costs. Some apparent savings may be accounting allocations rather than cash reductions, and operational disruption can offset the projected benefit. A buyer should not count the same saving in both stand-alone and combined forecasts. Whether acquirer shareholders benefit also depends on the price and financing of the deal.

Worked example

A combination is expected to save $1 million annually for three years, with a stated annuity factor of 2.5. Gross savings have present value $2.5 million; after $0.7 million of immediate integration costs, net synergy is $1.8 million before tax and other effects.

Common mistake

Treating an accounting overhead allocation as an avoidable cash saving or ignoring the cost of achieving the saving.

Where it appears in your exams

QualificationExamRelationshipPeriod
ACCA AFM Direct September 2026–June 2027