CISG sphere of application

The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods applies, subject to its conditions, to sales of goods between parties with places of business in different States when the relevant States are Contracting States or applicable private international law leads to a Contracting State’s law. The Convention excludes specified sales and matters, and parties can exclude it or derogate as permitted. Reservations and governing-law questions can affect application. Article 4 distinguishes contract formation and parties’ rights and obligations from matters such as validity and the effect on property in goods.