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@Ha – as I have said – you append the year both in the text and in the list and put in the different links. If someone clicks on the link they then find it!
(I am sure that I have covered appending several times in this forum topic – and it is probably also discussed in articles on referenicing online- so you mush search for them if this still is not clear as I cannot explain it anymore clearly than I already have)
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@trephena: One quick question i want to ask. Currently, my Rap is reaching the no. of reference around 140+. I would like to know, is there any limit on the number of references you can insert in your RAP???
Furthermore, is there any issue if we repetitively include reference from the same source (e.g annual report)??? Like in my financial analysis, I added a reference for each single figure I have written in my RAP, Is it right to do so?
Thanks a lot in advance for your time.
@rosie2039 – no you don’t need to load the Financial Statements twice. If you have done T8 do ensure that there is also good secondary evidence from a range of sources as well as the employee’s emails etc. to support your Findings.
The table of figures should go in after the Contents page
No there is no limit provided they are relevant and inserted in the text at the appropriate place. All reference designations including any appendages to tlhe year must match in both the text and list.
You need to show sources for figures when creating graphs for the main ratios then there is usually no need to repeat the reference. Numbers in the text itself should be kept to those where you are pointing out something significant – do not repeat what the graph shows and tell the marker what s/he can already see in the graph! Normally most of the in text references would relate to where you are explaining facts and using a source to support the fact or comment. So the answer to your question about a reference for every single figure is, no they should not be needed each time if it is obvious to the reader where the number came from but the marker will expect a reference where you are making a statement and introducing a new idea or fact to back this statement up.
Hi Trephena I need urgent help please. Just finished with my report, I am not sure of the difference btw bibliography and reference list. I understand reference list should be at the end of the report, do I have to type this out?
@dorcas The Reference List by definition must contain details of everything referred to in the text. The bibliography however contains ancillary material that you may have looked at but are not directly referring to or information that might be useful in particular areas. A reference list is mandatory, a bibliography is not. Load them as separate documents. A printed version would include the reference list as part of the Report but for submission purposes keep them separate.
Hi i cited annual report of 2014 about 4 time in my report and it appear more than once in the reference list is this ok?
@dorcas – the annual report for T8 (or the Combined Code for T17) will always feature several times in the text, however it should NOT normally appear more than once in the Reference list. The only time it might is if the CEO Report, Directors’ Report or some other Report or Statement from it has been used and referred to in the text. For example in the text (CEO Report, 2014) > List: CEO Report (2014). CEO Report to Shareholders, XYZ PLC Annual Report etc
However if you have any references in the list that are absolutely identical then you need to remove them as this is wrong -there is no point at all having multiple entries for the same reference – it is not telling the reader anything or helping them. Another way of dealing with citations from the annual report is to include page numbers in the TEXT reference (as opposed to stating “CEO Report”). The rule then as I have stated in posts above is:
Same document used more than once in text – give page number (or section no.for the Code) each time in text if it is a long document but only ONE entry ever in the list
Where there is only one in text reference to a long document then you can either put page number in text alone, in the list alone or both
But don’t repeat reference list entries unless you are attaching different links in the list and then the entries in both the text and list should be appended 2014a, 2014b etc to distinguish them and so that the reader can locate the relevant webpage for each different item
Hi @trephena
I have a couple of doubts if you can help me out :
1. If I used on source (e.g. article) and wrote so many paragraphs based on the content of that article, where is the ideal place to keep the in-text reference? last paragraph, after each paragraph?
2. If there are similar in-text references (e.g bloomberg,2014), what is the best method of distinguishing between them in the text and reference list ( e.g. bloomberg a , bloomberg b )?
3. Is it fine to use same reference for everything taken from annual report?
e.g. in-text ( Vodafone annual report, 2014)
reference list: Vodafone, 2014. Moving forward, Annual report 2013. [Online] Available at: …………………………………………………………………………………(Accessed 12 January 2015)Thank you
Hi Trephana,
Is it ok to put page number when you paraphrase an idea. I mean like e.g
yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy( IMF,2014,p.14).
1. Every paragraph. Otherwise if you only include one at the very end it is not clear what exactly what you are referencing and the marker is left thinking ” what happened to the rest of the referencing?”
2. In text (Bloomberg 2014) and the list should match this. If more than one different article then append (Bloomberg 2014a); (Bloomberg 2014b) etc.
3. Try to look at this from the point of view of the reader/marker. How are you expecting them to find things in the annual report when it is over 120 pages long?. Figures from the financial statements are fine just referenced to the annual report as it is fairly obvious where they are coming from (e.g Income statement etc.) but comments by the CEO or Directors really need a page no. in the text. Other than that yes you can just reference it as you have set out.
@zilyenge – yes, page numbers are helpful for long documents such as the annual report. If you are only using a short document or article then it is nice but not mandatory. You will never be penalised for including page numbers.
Hi Everyone!
In preparation for P31 I have put together an article on Referencing on our homepage https://opentuition.com/obu/
The article is in 3 parts:
Part 1 explains the background to referencingPart 2 sets out what I call ‘The Golden Rules’ to help you understand the basic principles you must follow for your OBU RAP in order to pass referencing, and
Part 3 has some Referencing FAQs. You may find Q10 really useful when you are stuck on how to do a particular one-off type or a more unusual type of reference.
Please use the links in the answer to Q10 when you want to know how to reference BEFORE posting a query here and also you could try to use a few key words in our search facility e.g. ‘referencing interviews’; ‘Referencing a Tv programme’ etc to help locate information and advice to help you.
If you are genuinely still having a problem with a reference after this, post it here but PLEASE DO REMEMBER that a degree is about learning to find things out for yourself, so do try to search for the answer for yourself first! 🙂
Trephena – OT OBU Forum Moderator
Abit confused guy do u mean that if I put the reasons why GPM fell I and u used Bloomberg show I just copy d link and put it under the explanation or I should just write (Bloomberg 2014) and create a list of references right and for my table and graph reference the information is from the annual report so under the table n graph I should put the (annual report 2014)
Thanks@stevr – I would always recommend the Harvard Referencing system so (Bloomberg, 2014) and list and do as you suggest for the graphs.
I merely mention that for the RAP other methods provided they are systematic, consistent and the idea or comment being referred to is identified exactly in the text, are acceptable. (However if in doubt about how to do other methods correctly always go for Harvard and use that instead)
Thanks ma u are kind pls I post a question abt topic 8 could pls help me ans it God bless u
Hello ma thanks for helping everyone.
I have a question how do I refence my graph and table thanksUnderneath the graph or table and in the same manner as you would deal with any reference in the text. Alternatively you can refer the marker to the appropriate tab in your Appendices e.g. (Source: Appendix B) provided you clearly show where the financial information in those Appendices has come from .
For further details on referencing consult the Forum topic ‘Harvard Referencing’ and the article on Referencing on our homepage http://www.opentuition.com/obu
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Trephena,you once talk about appendages from previous discussion with Alfred [Topic 17 Forum]..please what is an appendages..I don’t want to miss out on the referencing thing..the annual report am using has different version as well and the annual report didn’t have the alphabet you mention .
Thanks
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Also how do I reference an intext citation from say a particular code say sec code of CG 2002.do I need to say for example section 3.2 sec code(2002) or .please am confused
@segem -your queries relate to referencing so please read my article on Referencing(all 3 parts: Introduction, Golden Rules and FAQs) – “Referencing – Open Tuition Ultimate Guide” on our homepage http://www.opentuition.com/obu.
Treat section numbers like page numbers in the text e.g. (Code, 2012, s.3,2) then you only need (and only should) list the 2012 Code once in your alphabetical list.
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@trephena,i read an article online,and the quotation/text of a named author was reference in that article.i want to reference the quotation/text of that author in my rap..please i want how will reference it in the text and in reference list.
thank you
@segem – have you read our 3 part guide to Referencing – The Open Tuition Ultimate Guide? It is to be found on our homepage http://www.opentuition.com/obu
Part 1 is an introduction and I give an example of how to do a reference
Part 2 lists out Golden Rules to follow and there are some examples of how to reference correctly in this
Part 3 is Referencing FAQs and under question 10 are various links that can be used to look up how to do different types of references e.g.referencing a quotation from a speaker at a conference, as well as books, newspapers and TV interviews.(Normally you would still use the author for an online article but be sure to include the link to the article in your reference list)
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