theory

N purchased some low value equipment and charged the cost as an expense rather than capitalising it to the NCA account .
what accounting concept is being applied here?
1- substance over form
2-accrual
3- materiality
4-going concern

one more question
which of the follow are true
1-partnership is not required to prepare financial statements to comply with IFRS
2- the partnership pays profit to partners in the form of dividends
3-a partnership has its own tax liabilities ,separate to that of its owners
4-the partners has unlimited liability for the debts of the business

can you explain each as well? like why they are true or false?

thanks for your time and support.