Hi, I was really confused regarding substantive procedures, test of controls and analytical procedures and in what stage they are used, the problem is that mostly in all of them a,e,I,o,u procedures are used so how to differentiate please give examples also
Tests of control = testing a control. E, I, O, U, apply. Used at interim audit stage in particular to give confidence that the control system is working fine. Eg inspect and invoice for evidence that it has been approved.
Substantive tests = direct testing of amounts on the FS. A, E, I, O, U apply. Primarily used at the final audit stage. Eg carry out a receivables circulation to verify certain assertions about receivables.