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Lock-in rate

Forums › Ask ACCA Tutor Forums › Ask the Tutor ACCA AFM Exams › Lock-in rate

  • This topic has 1 reply, 2 voices, and was last updated 4 years ago by John Moffat.
Viewing 2 posts - 1 through 2 (of 2 total)
  • Author
    Posts
  • September 7, 2020 at 12:54 pm #583795
    marcos
    Participant
    • Topics: 8
    • Replies: 2
    • ☆

    Dear Sir,
    first of all thank you very much for your lecture and videos, they are very useful.
    I have a question about the lock-in rate which is not so clear. i thought that i had understood it but now, doing some exercises i have realized that i am a bit confused.
    I have seen that in a lot of questions we have to use the lock in rate because we do not have the spot rate at the date in which we have to pay or receive money.

    for example
    we are in euro and we receive 20m USD in 4 months (now it is the 1st of June)
    spot rate USD/euro 1.3588-1.3623

    future contract (contract size 125,000)
    – 2 months 1.3633
    – 5 months 1.3698
    we calculate the lock-in rate because we do not have the spot rate on 1st of October. The lock in future rate is 1.3682
    calculated as current future rate +unexpired basis

    then we do
    20m/1.3682= 14,617,746 euro. is this the amount of 20m usd converted in euro on 1st of October +/- gain or loss on futures? is my understanding correct?

    the solution also propose another way
    1,3698-(1/3*(1.3698-1.3633))=1.3676. it is the same as the lock in rate but the difference is mainly rouding?

    then we calculate the number of contracts. in our case they are 117 and this is fine.
    14,617,746/125,000= 116.9

    but, if the number of contracts was 116.5, what should we do?

    we should hedge 116 contracts with futures and the difference with forward?
    Is this calculation correct? (if the number of contracts was 116.5)
    we do 116*125,000*1.3682=19,997,875 USD amount hedged with futures
    so with future we will receive
    19,997,875/1.3682=14,616,193 EURO
    amount not hedged 20m-19.9,997,875 = amount to hedge with forward

    Hope my question is clear and thanks a lot for your help
    Regards
    Marco

    September 7, 2020 at 1:44 pm #583806
    John Moffat
    Keymaster
    • Topics: 57
    • Replies: 54696
    • ☆☆☆☆☆

    I assume that the contract size is given in €’s.
    The $20M is converted to €’s only to be able to calculate the number of contracts – the amount we actually end up converting depends on the number of contracts.

    (The other way of getting the lock-in rate is apportioning between the futures prices available gives the same answer – the difference here is just rounding)

    If the number of contracts were 116.5 then it does not matter whether you round to 116 or 117. The difference is the under or over hedge which would be hedged using forward rates.

    You have made an arithmetic mistake in your calculation.
    116 x 125,000 x 1.3682 = $19,838,900 (the difference between this and $20M is hedged using forward rates).

    This gives a receipt of 116 x 125,000 = €14,500,000

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