John in your example 1 on interest rate swaps, could the counter parties benefit from a swap if company x wanted to borrow floating and company y wanted to borrow fixed? If yes could you show me how to calculate it please? I can’t make it work 🙁
No – they could not benefit is X wanted floating and Y wanted fixed (and so they would not enter into a swap). A swap will only ever benefit if it is ‘one way round’ 🙂