Referencing – Rules, Queries, Harvard etc.

@MahinAdnan
1. Should always be (Family name, year) in text and Family name, Initial(s) + (year) in list – Although you can use full first name in the list instead of the initial. The only time you would normally put a full first name in the text would be to distinguish where you are using two authors with the same Family name and the same first initial and the work is the same year e.g. (Peter Brown, 2015) in the text and Brown, Peter (2015) in the list because you are also citing the work of Paul Brown 2015. This then shows which citation belongs to which.

2. Use the accounting year for annual reports. So a company with a year end 31st December which publishes its accounts in March 2016 would be (XYZ, 2015). However for normal authors’ published work it is always year of publish.

Thank you Trephena.

why are you doing manually when there is option to insert reference in MS word? Just click on reference tab in your MS word and select Harvard from style and use their option to insert reference.

It will create like this:

(Opentution, n.d.)

Reference list
Opentution, n.d. Opentution. [Online]
Available at: https://opentuition.com/forum/obu-forums/
[Accessed 2 April 2016].

@Waqas graphs are not your property, you have created on the bases of financial statements, that’s why examiner wants you to refer to the original source of graph.. so refer financial statement under your graph like

source: ABC FY12:F14; XYZ FY 12:FY14

We provide Appendices to examiner or they required us to provide Appendices so they can have quick view of company’s financial statement and their time has been saved. while Appendices also help examiner to examine your IT skills

Probably it has been suggested that dont refer appendices in your RAP until you have did something by your own.. but yes at the meantime i have read that we suppose to refer appendices in RAP for extra working.. For example, your company’s FS did not m entioned OPM, but you have done its working in Appendices then you will mentioned this because you own this information not the company.

This is what i know, wait for moderators comments

Operating profit margin

Thanks and you are sure about the format you mentioned for referencing graphs? Is it the right format?

trephena thanks for a lot for advices on referencing swot in part 3 of rr but I want to know whether it is also necessary to do referencing in the same in part 2 when defining and stating limitations.

You will have set out certain models and limitations of your business techniques and these should be referenced. No doubt you will be using ideas here that you have read elsewhere and this triggers the requirement that this information should be referenced.

Dear trephena,
I use APA referencing (I guess no problem with that, Harvard style is just recommended, isn’t is?), and I have problems with in-text referencing figures.

1. If I use for instance a chart, do I need to have the permission of the author to reproduce it? I would like to have a consistence style in my RAP and reproduce all the figures I use. Or I must use a snapshot and use the original chart?

2. How to reference a figure which was based on a collection of webpages? I made a chart from 42 webpages (All are from the same website, but different pages, new article per month), but referencing all in-text would look funny. Can I just refer to an appendix under the figure, and list the webpages there? How to deal with this in the “References” section? I hope I don’t need to create separate references for all of them.

Thanks a lot!

@bolage –

1) yes, OBU has ever replied that APA is fine although their preference is Harvard Ref.

2) you do not need the permission of the author to reproduce the chart. When you say reproduce, I am assuming you mean you are going to the base source and re-creating the chart all by yourself.
In that case, you would need to reference the base sources though.

3) for multiple sources, I hope you find this link helpful. https://www.lib.sfu.ca/help/cite-write/citation-style-guides/apa/tables-figures

42 is a lot though and I usually advise my students to reference the critical sources and it will be like “x, y, z and 39 other sources”

In your list of references, you would place all 42 in full APA format though.

All the best!
The Learning Luminarium

Please read my article (especially the Golden Rules) on Referencing on our homepage http://www.opentuition.com/obu

Research using Google Scholar using key words from the study text

Thanks Trephena for the quick response

I did read the articles on the homepage
however I am still confused how to cite the source

for example, if I used 3 definitions of ratios from Investopedia
I should put 3 references but with every reference with the year of the website, I should add a, b and c ?

this is what I understood from the explanation provided in the articles as well as the obu information pack

Your help is really appreciated

Hi Trephena,

Just making sure- when referencing different webpages from the same website, would my in-text citation be (website.com, 2016a) and then would my reference list also show 2016a- as the year of publication?

Thanks