When 2 rates are given.for eg.12.500 pesos-12.582 pesos per $.how do we determine offering and buying rates of Banks.higher rate for offering and vice-versa?
We are not the slightest bit interested in offering and buying rates!
If the company is buying the first currency (in this case pesos – because the quote is pesos against the $) then it is the lower rate. If the company is selling the first currency (again pesos in this case) then you use the higher rate.
It is whichever is worse for the company 🙂
(I go through many examples of this and give the logic and the rule, in the free lecture)