Determining KPIS

Not sure what you mean by 'direct' as there is no single metric for competitiveness. Market share - high implies the company is successful in a competitive market. Profit growth - implies sales are growing both for existing products and new ones. Cost per unit - usually this has to be competitively low to generate good profits at a market selling price. Innovation - eg number of new products launches per year. Nothing stands still and continuous innovation is almost always necessary unless in a very static, traditional market. Customer surveys - ultimately, our success depends on customers deciding to return to us rather than going to competing firms. So asking about our service, reputation, ranking us compared with our competitors etc is valuable.

Wow, you actually took the time to respond. You are very kind. Please, what circumstances favour zero-based budgeting as opposed to rolling budgets.

ZBB is usually contrasted with incremental budgets not rolling budgets. ZBB is used when you need to very critically assess the need for and extent of expenditure. ZBB starts with a blank sheet and justifies every $ to be spent. Incremental budgets are fast to produce but really just take last year's budget and update gently for inflation and perhaps a bit of growth.

Thank you Sir