market value of equity is calculated by multiplying the number of shares with the maket price per share. as the par value of shares is $1 so number of shares equal to = $5.5/$1=5.5 million shares and share price in 20×8 is $8.64 per share so multiplying $8.64 with 5.5 million share we get $47.5 similarly for year 20×7 : $5.74* 5.5 million shares = $31.57 million please note that no of shares have been same i .e 5.5 in all four years but share price has changed from year to year and it is given in last row of the financial information hope that helps